Showing posts with label overcoming. Show all posts
Showing posts with label overcoming. Show all posts

Monday, August 22, 2016

Consequences & Rewards

Today we will focus on some behavior modifications for adolescents. Behavior modification essentially means cultivating desired behaviors and changing undesirable ones by utilizing a system of rewards and consequences. We will go over examples of some of these to use, the caveat however is, each and every child, adolescent and teenager is different and individual, and these methods are generally devised on a case by case basis. You are the one who knows your child best, and will therefore be able to gauge which technique may work best within your family. A consultation with a professional: mental health counselor, school counselor, and others may be beneficial. 

Punishment vs. Consequences as a form of behavior modification: 

Consequences are the results of our decisions and actions and can be "good" or "bad." Consequences help us all grow and when children experience consequences for their actions, it can help them learn and grow, make better choices and learn from their mistakes. Consequences also give you a chance to parent from the perspective of principle rather than anger and frustration. 


Punishment on the hand does not respect the decision of the child, even if the decision or choice the child has made is wrong. It comes out of fear and anger, and generally looks towards a withdrawal of love which can be harmful to the relationship. This approach does not help children to develop ways in which to make decisions responsibly. 

The following two examples come from https://www.empoweringparents.com to better illustrate this concept: 

"Your 13-year-old doesn’t call to check-in and let you know where he is. In the past, his punishment was to lose his cell phone for a couple of days. Yes, that might have taught him that when you don’t act responsibly you can lose privileges.  But what it didn’t teach him is how to act more responsibly.  So how can using consequences make a difference here?

Take the same scenario, but before you decide how to respond first ask yourself:  What is it that I want him to learn and improve? You probably want him to learn to follow your instructions and do what he is told, which in this case was to call. You also want him to improve by consistently remembering to do it.  To motivate and guide your son to better behaviors, the consequence could be that he will only be allowed to go out with friends on the coming weekend and only for an hour.  During that time he must remember to call you and let you know where he is.  If he does this successfully both Saturday and Sunday, he can return to going out for longer periods of time.  What he’s learning is that privilege (going out with friends) comes with responsibility (calling to check-in).  What he’s getting is the chance to practice and demonstrate to you both is that he can be trusted to do as he’s supposed to.

Or maybe your daughter doesn’t do her assigned chores. What do you want her to learn and practice? A natural consequence may be that you do not feel the goodwill to take her shopping.  Instead, she is assigned extra jobs to help you out around the house.  From this she learns that when she doesn’t do her part, others may not have the time or interest to go out of their way for her. Having to help more around the house will let her practice doing her part and to appreciate that not meeting her responsibilities can cause problems for others."

Establishing short term goals towards long term behavior change: 

For instance, if your child/adolescent has been engaging in unsafe behaviors, driving under the influence of alcohol. It would be necessary to bar access to the car for a long stretch of time in order to create behavior change. 

"No driving privileges until house rules have consistently been followed for 3 months. This means no alcohol and no missing curfew for 3 months and then we discuss at the end of a successful 3 months the return of your driving privileges."

During the 3 months, establish more short term task oriented goals (steps in the right direction) so that the child has a consistent opportunity to show improvements and growth. 

Utilizing reward charts and positive reinforcements:

Behavior modification plans in children or teens might include using a reward chart to increase a certain behavior, such as doing homework or chores, and providing immediate positive attention when the child begins behaving appropriately or simply praising the child when he or she engages in desirable behavior.

 
Examples of child behavior modification plans which have rewards might include offering a return of a privilege for a reaching a certain goal, having an increase in allowance, and increase of a curfew time, etc.

The following is a great workbook for parents, it has a thorough overview of behavior modification techniques and also which techniques are more useful and which are not so. In addition, it gives great evidence of all the information that has been provided and research from which the information came from as well: From the USC Center for Work and Family Life



Parent's Tool Kit for Teens

Sunday, July 10, 2016

Run For Life

This week's post comes from McKenzie Ziegler. McKenzie is a Brooklyn College, CUNY student who has volunteered to share her essay written for college around overcoming depression. McKenzie is a Health and Nutrition Science major. 

Run For Life
Ever since I was 15 and I fell in love with long distance running, I wanted to run the NYC marathon. In 2014, the first full year I lived in NYC, I qualified for the 2015 marathon by running nine races and volunteering at another race. My times were improving until my knees started hurting at the end of the summer of 2014. Tight rubber bands seemed to surround my knee caps, stretching almost to the point of tearing, grinding my bones together, making my knees red-hot. By September they were so painful I had to cut my runs short. Running was my outlet for stress; without it the stress piled up. I tried everything I could to heal my knees, but nothing worked. Soon almost every run hurt, making me frustrated and discouraged. When I had run before my injury, I had felt free and alive. Running had become an anchor in my life and part of my identity; without it I felt lost.
I fell into depression, for a combination of reasons: lots of stress with college and work, being states away from family, a lack of friends and being unable to connect with people easily, relationship problems, an uncomfortable living situation, medical complications, a suppressed childhood trauma I struggled to understand, and, on top of all that, being unable to run. I assume I also got biologically unlucky. I had struggled with anxiety, unaware it even had a name, since early adolescence. Depression was new though. For me, depression was like a gloomy, dark gray storm cloud that would decide to show up even though the forecast called for clear, sunny skies. It threw off my emotions, to where they would often not fit the situation I was in, and my anxiety became more irrational. I would cry and worry for no reason. I felt like little people were inside my head, calling the shots, pulling on wires. Once positive and full of energy, I became easily irritable, overwhelmed, and tired. Once goal-oriented and ambitious, I would often have spells of emotional numbness and hopelessness. Some days were good, some were bad; most were me trying to understand what was going on and fearing it would get worse.
Depression is all lies. It's a friend who always hangs around and lies to you. You know it's a bad influence, but you have no control. Depression is in control. When you want to do things you always enjoyed, it tells you, you are too weak, you are no good, there is no point. I gradually lost interest in many things I always loved, including running. I simply lost motivation. I struggled to get out of bed in the morning and do simple tasks, like combing my hair or going to the grocery store. Everything felt like work. Depression tells you, there is nothing good in your life, you are a failure, nothing will ever get better. It lies to you and changes your perspective on life. It’s also isolating, convincing you, no one cares about you, no one understands you, everyone would be better off if you didn't exist. I was too ashamed to talk to people. I felt trapped and dead.
I remember walking home from school one day, and it took so much effort to put one foot in front of the other. My legs felt leaden. I thought, what is the point of even going on? What would happen if I collapsed right here on the sidewalk and gave up? It was a bright, sunny day, but I couldn’t see that; depression’s dark cloud was over top of me, overwhelming me. I did think of suicide, of walking out in front of that car, of going to the train station and jumping. But every time, I thought of my family and my boyfriend. I could never do that to them. They kept me going.
My depression worsened throughout 2015 even though things in my life were improving. However, I had already signed up for the marathon in November. A part of me was still my old goal-oriented self; there was no giving up on the race. I started training in the summer but didn’t feel motivated enough to run as many miles as recommended, so I focused more on the long training run and increased its distance every week. There were times during those long runs that I felt confident and joyful, but it didn’t last. I signed up for a few short races with my boyfriend for external motivation. Thankfully, my knees had healed. Although my training fell short and I was depressed, I felt prepared mentally to finish the marathon. In the back of my mind, I was hoping for a revelation during the race that would cure my depression.
The day of the NYC marathon arrived quickly, but I was eager to get it over with. On November 1, 2015, I woke up early in the morning after a night of little sleep, got dressed, and gathered my things. Two subway trains, one ferry, one bus, and a long walk latera marathon in itselfI was at the start in Staten Island. The blue archway marking the start line and the daunting Verrazano-Narrows Bridge were staring me in the face. Among a large group of ponytails, running caps, windbreakers, and bright colors, I was a bundle of nerves and excitement. On one hand, I knew I’d have lots of fun; on the other hand, I knew pain was inevitable. I was ready to cross the finish line, and I was only toeing the start line. The gun blasted and I started running, soon stepping onto the bridgea bridge that during training I viewed with fear and excitement, envisioning this moment.
I had always needed to listen to music while running, but the marathon was so exciting I never once put in my headphones. Surrounding me was a kaleidoscopic sea of 50,000 runners, all eyes set for the same finish. Two million spectators lined almost the entire 26.2 miles, cheering, holding up encouraging signs, and offering orange slices, wet sponges, and tissues. Bands were also strung along the course, their cheery beats pushing us along. It was electric. I’m running a marathon! and I can’t believe I’m doing this! crossed my mind many times. The first three miles flew by as I ran into Bay Ridge, Brooklyn. I knew my mom and my boyfriend would be at mile eight, in downtown Brooklyn, so I focused on running towards them. Soon I spotted my boyfriend, holding up a hot pink sign and two small American flags, and my mom, ringing a bell and taking pictures of me. They gave me the energy I needed to keep going.
I began to feel tired around mile ten, in south Williamsburg, Brooklyn, and started walking. The miles then seemed to come slower and slower, and my feet began to hurt. I kept pressing on, focusing only on the mile I was running. Water and Gatorade were available each mile; I found that by stopping to get a drink and walking a few minutes, I was able to continue running to the next water station. The crisp water and lemon-lime Gatorade were welcomed by my dry mouth; the short distraction was welcomed by my mind. My mom and my boyfriend cheered me on at mile sixteen in Manhattan, after I crossed the Queensboro Bridge. By mile 20, in the Bronx, I was looking for Central Park, where I knew the finish was. But I still had six miles to go! The roar of the crowd continued to encourage me, but I had to fight with myself to relax and run on. The balls of my feet were raw and I was nearing exhaustion.
Once I entered Central Park, between miles 22 and 23, I realized the rest of the course would be downhill. What a relief! Even still, the park was a blurI was focused on getting to the finish. When I saw my mom and my boyfriend at mile 25, I barely had the energy to stop running and walk over to them. They encouraged me to keep going, and I did. In about fourteen minutes, I saw the blue archways of the finish. I can’t believe I did it! crossed my mind as I stepped over the blue and orange line. Flames raged on my feet, thighs, and hips. All I wanted to do was sit down, but I had to continue walking to get out of the park, meet my mom and my boyfriend, and then take the train home. As I limped I became irritated, thinking, this is worse than the entire marathon!
I never had a revelation during the marathon, and my depression persisted afterwards. I thought completing this great feat would change my point of view on life, or at least make me feel proud of myself, but it didn’t. I was only glad I got the marathon over with. I felt no joy; depression is that powerful. I became even more discouraged, and lost all motivation to run. In the back of my mind, though, I knew getting exercise was good for me, so I walked to and from school every day. I questioned my depression and fought back by challenging myself. I knew that someday, when I was ready, I would run again.
I ran for the first time since the marathon on April 24, 2016almost six months later. The evening before, a thought that I hadn’t heard in a long time popped into my head: you should run tomorrow. The day was sunny and gorgeous, the temperature perfect for running. My boyfriend and I went to Prospect Park and ran the three-and-a-half mile loop, a path I have run many times. There’s no denying itI was out of shape. We took many walk breaks, my throat burned with every inhale, and a cramp tightened my right side below my ribs. Nonetheless, it was great to once again feel my heart pounding, to have sweat tickle my nose, and to hear my labored breaths. I felt free, and I felt alive. I listened to the noises of the park and enjoyed being with nature. I was enjoying running again; it didn’t feel like work, as depression used to convince me it would. For that, I felt relieved. When we came to the big hill, I pushed myself to keep going: you are doing great, I am so proud of you. But I couldn’t make it all the way up, and we had to rest. Soon, though, I was able to sprint to the top. I never felt so happy running that loop as I did that day.
After a hill, things get easier. Running is a metaphor for life; some runs are easy, some are hard, but it is pushing through the hard that is most rewarding and which makes any following obstacle seem easier. The struggles of running a marathon or a steep hill, or being sidelined by a running injury are not unlike the struggle of coping with depression. I think running has instilled in me resilience and a fighting spirit, enabling me to overcome depression. In the same way many factors contributed to my fall into depression, more than one change was necessary to break free from depression’s hold. When the spring of 2016 brought new life to trees and flowers, a new perspective grew in me. I started feeling more calm and hopeful, confident and happy. I also became more appreciative of people who care about memy biggest motivators. Depression may someday return, but I plan on running even when it tells me not to, as it is when I am running that I feel most alive.